Type 2 diabetes diagnosis

Having type 2 diabetes increases a person’s risk for a cancer being already metastatic at the point of diagnosis, shows an EPIC analysis.

The number of people with undiagnosed diabetes in the USA has fallen in the past 3 decades, indicates research published in Diabetes Care.

Women are more likely to attend guideline-recommended diabetes screening than men, but rates are “suboptimal” in both sexes, particularly among younger individuals, show population-based study data from Canada.

Researchers recommend using different BMI or age thresholds for type 2 diabetes screening in ethnic minority groups, on finding that a single threshold may miss many cases in non-White Americans.

The US Preventive Services Task Force has recommended lowering the age of screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes to 35 years for people with overweight or obesity.

Postpancreatitis diabetes mellitus is under-recognized and often misclassified as type 2 diabetes, which can result in improper treatment, population-based study data show.

Implementation of widespread screening for diabetes “radically” alters the cardiovascular risk profile of people with newly detected diabetes, rendering existing cardiovascular risk prediction tools inaccurate, say researchers.

A large number of people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes achieve intermediate or even normal glucose levels within the following few years, with regression to the mean accounting for more than half of these remissions, research suggests.

Lifestyle intervention significantly reduces the risk for type 2 diabetes in people who have prediabetes based on fasting plasma glucose or glycated hemoglobin measurements, show findings from a randomized trial.

Results from a UK retrospective study suggest that there is “considerable variation” in diabetic eye screening attendance in different age groups, with the worse attendance rates among younger people.

Screening of people aged 40 to 70 years using glycated hemoglobin would detect type 2 diabetes approximately 2 years earlier than when it is identified due to symptoms or incidental diagnosis, suggests an analysis of the UK Biobank.

People diagnosed with type 2 diabetes during population-based screening are less likely to need insulin after 10 years and may have slightly better glycemic control than those diagnosed during usual care, researchers report.

An oral glucose tolerance test may identify youths with a more adverse cardiometabolic profile than a fasting plasma glucose test does, say researchers.

Optimal glycemic control during the first years after a latent autoimmune diabetes of adulthood diagnosis could prevent people’s microvascular complication risk from equaling that seen in those with type 2 diabetes, shows an analysis of the UKPDS.

A reassuring UK study has found limited evidence to suggest non-White patients are at a disadvantage for being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in primary care and having their cardiometabolic risk managed around the time of initial diagnosis.

Testing both glycated hemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose gives a more reliable hyperglycemia diagnosis than either on its own, but a follow-up screening test remains essential, say researchers.

Relying solely on glycated hemoglobin to diagnose type 2 diabetes will miss a substantial proportion of cases and thus the opportunity for early intervention, say researchers.

Measuring C-peptide in everyone a minimum of 3 years after a clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes can result in some people being reclassified with other forms of diabetes, researchers report.

Agreement between five currently recommended definitions of intermediate hyperglycemia, or prediabetes, is poor, and their sensitivity for predicting type 2 diabetes is low, study findings indicate.

The recently proposed five diabetes subgroups are reproducible, but are more complicated and no better than simple clinical variables for predicting disease progression and treatment response, researchers have reported.