Type 2 diabetes and obesity

Among people with type 2 diabetes and obesity who undergo metabolic surgery, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is associated with a lower risk for major adverse cardiovascular events than sleeve gastrectomy, suggests a secondary analysis of a cohort study.

Researchers find large geographic differences in the influence of BMI and age on the risk for type 2 diabetes in low- and middle-income countries.

Divergent changes in brain activity after bariatric surgery versus a very-low-calorie diet may help explain why people are more likely to regain weight after the latter intervention, a study suggests.

People with obesity are more likely to achieve sustained remission of type 2 diabetes if they undergo Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with a silastic band rather than sleeve gastrectomy, show the 5-year findings of a randomized trial.

Treatment with efpeglenatide significantly improves glycemic control and results in weight loss for medication-naïve people with type 2 diabetes, report the AMPLITUDE-M researchers.

People with type 2 diabetes who lose weight while taking semaglutide have a parallel improvement in their health-related quality of life, particularly that related to physical exertion, report the STEP 2 investigators,

Further analyses from STEP 2 show improvements in multiple cardiometabolic risk markers with semaglutide versus placebo, and potentially greater weight loss in women than men.

Taking semaglutide 2.4 mg can reduce the likelihood of people with overweight or obesity developing type 2 diabetes, shows further analysis of STEP 1.

Losing weight is the most impactful thing people with type 2 diabetes can do to counteract the life-shortening effects of their condition, say researchers.

People with type 2 diabetes taking a weekly semaglutide dose of 2.0 mg experience significantly greater reductions in glycated hemoglobin and bodyweight than those taking the standard 1.0 mg dose, show phase 3 trial results.

People with insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes significantly improve their glycemic control, lose weight, and require less insulin if they also have a weekly injection of tirzepatide, show the SURPASS-5 findings.

The dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide has “potent glucose-lowering effects towards near-normal ranges,” and also induces significant weight loss in people with type 2 diabetes, say the SURPASS-1 investigators.

The SURPASS-3 findings show that people with type 2 diabetes can obtain better glycemic control with tirzepatide than insulin degludec, while losing rather than gaining weight.

People with type 2 diabetes on metformin monotherapy have greater glycemic control improvement and weight reduction with tirzepatide than semaglutide, report the SURPASS-2 investigators.

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Blood pressure falls markedly when people with type 2 diabetes undertake a very-low-calorie diet, and immediate withdrawal of antihypertensive medications has few ill effects, say the DiRECT investigators.

Researchers report that waist-to-hip ratio and waist circumference are associated with type 2 diabetes risk to a similar degree across multiple ethnicities, unlike BMI and body fat.

Giving semaglutide to people undergoing minimally invasive endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty may bring weight loss closer to that induced by bariatric surgery, shows research.

Researchers find that south Asian, Black, Chinese, and Arab minority groups living in the UK have an increased risk for type 2 diabetes at markedly lower BMI thresholds than the majority White population.

A meta-analysis shows that bariatric or metabolic surgery markedly increases life expectancy relative to standard obesity care, with the greatest gains seen for people with type 2 diabetes.