Obesity in specific populations

Older people with and without diabetes experience similar short-term improvements in exercise capacity following cardiac rehabilitation, but those with diabetes fare worse after 1 year, EU-CaRE study results suggest.

Children born to mothers with diabetes and severe obesity have an elevated risk for developing neuropsychiatric disorders, researchers report.

Adolescents who undergo bariatric surgery do not as a rule experience resolution of mental health problems, say researchers.

Infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes treated with metformin have lower birthweight, but experience accelerated postnatal growth and have higher BMI in childhood, compared with those whose mothers were treated with insulin, suggest findings from a meta-analysis.

A Scottish study has identified glycated hemoglobin levels and BMI as modifiable risk factors for stillbirth among pregnant women with diabetes.

Adolescents who undergo bariatric surgery are more likely than adult patients to have remission of diabetes and hypertension, but require more reoperations, show the 5-year outcomes of the Teen-LABS cohort.

Giving pregnant obese women metformin in addition to dietary and lifestyle advice does not reduce the likelihood of them having a baby with a high birthweight, show the results of the GRoW randomized trial.

Dysglycemia in the last trimester of pregnancy despite prior negative testing for gestational diabetes may predispose the offspring of obese mothers to increased weight gain during early childhood, German research shows.

The rate at which BMI changes throughout childhood and adolescence is significantly associated with adult hyperglycemia, independent of BMI level at specific time points, study findings indicate.

The risk for type 2 diabetes in overweight people is higher in those who gained weight after the age of 10 years than in those who were already overweight at that time, researchers report.

The RISE investigators have reported a continued lack of effect of early intensive therapy on beta-cell function decline in children with prediabetes or early type 2 diabetes.

Almost all children who are obese by the age of 3 years remain obese into adolescence, shows a study in The New England Journal of Medicine.

Maternal BMI prior to and during early pregnancy has a greater impact than gestational diabetes and hypertension, and pre-eclampsia on the risk for increased BMI in childhood, study findings indicate.

Impaired glucose tolerance in obese youths frequently reverts to normal, although the chances of this happening are strongly influenced by ethnicity, researchers report in The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health.

The authors of a systematic review find insufficient evidence to support the use of metformin to improve pregnancy outcomes among obese women.

Children who are overweight only have an increased risk for type 2 diabetes in adulthood if they remain overweight beyond the age of 13 years, according to the results of a large Danish study.

Women with gestational diabetes who gain weight late in pregnancy have an increased risk for adverse birth outcomes, study results presented at the 2018 Diabetes UK Professional Conference in London suggest.

Researchers have found that the bodyweights of family members of military personnel tend to change to match what is predominant in their area of posting.

Genetic variants associated with childhood body mass index correlate with the risk for type 1 diabetes, suggests an analysis of genome-wide association studies.

Mothers who gain weight between their first and second pregnancies have a higher risk for gestational diabetes than those who maintain a stable weight, an analysis of the Medical Birth Registry of Norway suggests.