Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors

Findings from a retrospective case–control study suggest that the DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin may improve outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes who are hospitalized with COVID-19.

Adding linagliptin to glimepiride treatment reduces some measures of glycemic variability and improves glycemic control in patients with HNF1A-MODY, indicate findings from the GLIMLINA trial.

The risk for lower limb amputation is not significantly increased among people using SGLT2 inhibitors to treat type 2 diabetes, according to findings from two studies.

A large population-based study supports an increased risk for diabetic ketoacidosis for users of SGLT2 inhibitors compared with DPP-4 inhibitors, although the absolute risk remains low.

A wide-ranging network meta-analysis published in the Annals of Internal Medicine reveals critical knowledge gaps in the use of glucose-lowering medications in people with type 2 diabetes.

The latest CVD-REAL 2 data confirm clinical trial findings by showing that SGLT2 inhibitors significantly lower cardiovascular disease risk in people with type 2 diabetes, this time in comparison with DPP-4 inhibitors.

People with type 2 diabetes treated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists have a lower risk for serious renal adverse events than those given dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, indicate results from a Scandinavian real-world study.

An umbrella review of meta-analyses has demonstrated mixed associations between different glucose-lowering agents and cardiovascular outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes, with the results favoring sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists as cardioprotective agents.

Adding the DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin to first-line metformin therapy may delay the need for exogenous insulin among people with type 2 diabetes, researchers report.

Upfront combination therapy with vildagliptin and metformin is more durable than metformin alone, and appears to have a legacy effect, report the VERIFY investigators.

Real-world data published in The BMJ confirm the cardioprotective benefits of SGLT2 inhibitor use, relative to DPP-4 inhibitor use, in people with type 2 diabetes.

The addition of linagliptin to stable insulin treatment improves glycemic control without increasing the risk for clinically important hypoglycemia among older individuals with type 2 diabetes, randomized trial findings suggest.

Second-line therapy choices for people with type 2 diabetes vary widely throughout the world and are influenced not only by clinical characteristics but also non-medical factors such as affordability and availability, results from the DISCOVER study show.

Secondary data from the CARMELINA trial, presented at the 79th ADA Scientific Sessions in San Francisco, California, USA, confirm the positive primary cardiovascular and renal safety findings, this time in particularly high-risk patients.

The dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor linagliptin and the sulfonylurea glimepiride have similar cardiovascular safety profiles, show the results of the CAROLINA trial.

The PIONEER 5 and 7 trials show the efficacy of oral semaglutide in people with moderate renal impairment and the potential for a flexible dosing regimen.

Dapagliflozin, with or without saxagliptin, reduces albuminuria in people with type 2 diabetes and moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease when used in combination with antihypertensive treatments, DELIGHT study data show.

Oral semaglutide offers greater efficacy for glucose control and weight loss when compared with sitagliptin for people with type 2 diabetes, although with more adverse events at the highest dose, show the PIONEER 3 findings.

Hypoglycemia is common among people being treated for type 2 diabetes, particularly those using insulin or a sulfonylurea, but the risk for severe episodes is only elevated among insulin users, suggest results of a prospective UK study.

Patients with type 2 diabetes who are uptitrating to a maximum metformin dose benefit from improved glycemic control when they simultaneously initiate sitagliptin, randomized trial findings suggest.