Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors

SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists appear to offer the best protection against major adverse cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes.

Empagliflozin, but not linagliptin, provides “clinically relevant” improvements in glycemic control versus placebo in children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes, report the DINAMO investigators.

Allowing people to try out medications for type 2 diabetes and choose their preferred one is a viable approach in the absence of a clear clinical indication, say the TriMaster investigators.

An algorithm based on real-world clinical data could support decisions between use of SGLT2 inhibitors and DPP-4 inhibitors in people with type 2 diabetes.

SGLT2 inhibitors are associated with a lower risk for gout than DPP-4 inhibitors, research suggests.

People with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease are substantially less likely to initiate SGLT2 inhibitors than those with normal kidney function, despite their proven renoprotective benefits, research shows.

Starting treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, or DPP-4 inhibitors is associated with a reduction in physical activity levels among some people with type 2 diabetes, researchers report.

People taking dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors to treat type 2 diabetes may have an increased risk for cholecystitis, especially with longer duration of treatment, show findings of a meta-analysis.

People with type 2 diabetes have a lower risk for chronic kidney disease progression and death when using SGLT2 inhibitors than when given DPP-4 inhibitors, real-world study data show.

The addition of liraglutide rather than extra oral antidiabetic drugs may offer more sustained glycemic control for people with type 2 diabetes who have inadequate control with metformin, suggest findings of the international LIRA-PRIME study.

Findings from the TriMaster trial suggest that stratification of people with type 2 diabetes based on clinical features may help to guide the choice of second- or third-line drug for those who require treatment intensification after metformin.

Use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors may reduce amyloid burden in people with cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease, suggests an imaging study.

Early achievement of a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level below 7% is a key factor in maintaining long-term glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes initiating second-line glucose-lowering therapy, DISCOVER study data show.

Findings from the GRADE study, a head-to-head comparison of four commonly used diabetes drugs given together with metformin, suggest that liraglutide and insulin may result in better glycemic control than glimepiride and sitagliptin among people with type 2 diabetes.

Combining metformin with a sulfonylurea produces poorer non-glycemic outcomes than combining it with other second-line agents, show results from the global DISCOVER program.

Results from the CORONADO study indicate that use of DPP-4 inhibitors does not affect outcomes for people with type 2 diabetes admitted to hospital with COVID-19.

SGLT2 inhibitors are associated with lower rates of heart failure hospitalization, all-cause mortality, and hypoglycemia, but higher rates of diabetic ketoacidosis, when compared with DPP-4 inhibitors in older adults with type 2 diabetes, suggests a Canadian study.

Cardiovascular event rates do not differ significantly among people with type 2 diabetes treated with linagliptin or glimepiride regardless of age, but those who receive linagliptin have lower risks for falls and hypoglycemia, CAROLINA trial data show.

Geographic remoteness is strongly associated with a reduced likelihood of being prescribed the most recent classes of glucose-lowering medications, find Australian researchers.

The incidence of COVID-19 is no higher among people taking SGLT2 inhibitors than those taking DPP-4 inhibitors, research shows.