Diabetes complications and comorbidities: Nephropathy

Study findings published in BMC Medicine show that increasing albuminuria, decreasing estimated glomerular filtration rate, and worsening stages of chronic kidney disease are independently associated with increased risk for stroke in people with type 2 diabetes.

Four in five people with type 2 diabetes will have a major cardiovascular or renal disease event in their lifetime, and around half will develop chronic kidney disease, report researchers.

Almost all diabetes-related deaths in people younger than 25 years occur in countries that fall in the lower end of the Socio-demographic Index, report the GBD 2019 Diabetes Mortality Collaborators.

Obesity is as prevalent in people with type 1 diabetes as in the general US population and the age-adjusted chronic kidney disease rate is higher than in people with type 2 diabetes, report researchers.

People with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease have a high residual risk for cardiorenal events and high rates of treatment failure after initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors, real-world study findings indicate.

Among pregnant women with preexisting diabetes, those with nephropathy or retinopathy may be at increased risk for pregnancy complications, suggest findings from a systematic review and meta-analysis.

A pooled analysis of the DAPA-HF and DAPA-CKD trials suggests that taking the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin reduced the participants’ risk for developing type 2 diabetes by around a third.

The cardiovascular benefits of the GLP-1 receptor agonist efpeglenatide are unrelated to concurrent SGLT2 inhibitor use, suggests an exploratory analysis of AMPLITUDE-O trial data.

Finerenone reduces the risk for new-onset heart failure, as well as hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) and death from HF, in people with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease, the latest analysis of FIGARO-DKD study data show.

Chronic kidney disease is strongly associated with risk for cardiovascular disease events even in the absence of pre-existing vascular disease among people with type 2 diabetes, say researchers.

Dapagliflozin slows the long-term decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate, and reduces albuminuria, particularly in people with type 2 diabetes, report the DAPA-CKD investigators.

People with type 1 diabetes have a greater risk for incident cardiovascular and renal disease than those with type 2 diabetes, suggest findings from a French nationwide observational study presented at the virtual 57th EASD Annual Meeting.

The latest DAPA-CKD data show the large absolute benefits of dapagliflozin treatment in people with peripheral artery disease or atrial fibrillation, and that the medication may reduce the risk for type 2 diabetes in people with initial prediabetes.

People with type 1 diabetes who do not experience a nocturnal reduction in blood pressure may have an elevated risk for mortality and adverse kidney events, research suggests.

A large systematic review and meta-analysis has identified racial/ethnic differences in the risk for complications and all-cause mortality among people with diabetes.

Rates of hospitalization and mortality are increased in people with type 2 diabetes who also have heart failure or chronic kidney disease, and more so if they have both conditions, say researchers.

Finerenone protects against adverse cardiovascular outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes and mild or moderate chronic kidney disease, the FIGARO-DKD investigators have reported at the virtual ESC Congress 2021.

Findings from an exploratory randomized crossover trial suggest that closed-loop insulin delivery leads to better glycemic control than standard insulin treatment in people with type 2 diabetes and end-stage renal disease requiring maintenance dialysis in the outpatient setting.

Combining 10 weighted polygenic risk scores of variants related to cardiovascular and renal complications in a joint model with traditional risk factors could optimize micro- and macrovascular risk prediction and treatment response in type 2 diabetes, say researchers.

The risk for diabetes-related complications increases over time among people with youth-onset type 2 diabetes, with the majority having at least one microvascular complication by the time of young adulthood, suggest follow-up results from the TODAY study.