Summary
Microautophagy involves direct invagination and fission of the vacuolar/lysosomal membrane under nutrient limitation. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae microautophagic uptake of soluble cytosolic proteins occurs via an autophagic tube, a highly specialized vacuolar membrane invagination. At the tip of an autophagic tube vesicles (autophagic bodies) pinch off into thevacuolar lumen for degradation. Formation of autophagic tubes is topologically equivalent to other budding processes directed away from the cytosolic environment, e.g., the invagination of multivesicular endosomes, retroviral budding, piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus and micropexophagy. This clearly distinguishes microautophagy from other membrane fission events following budding toward the cytosol. Such processes are implicated in transport between organelles like the plasma membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and the Golgi. Over many years microautophagy only could be characterized microscopically. Recent studies provided the possibility to study the process in vitro and have identified the first molecules that are involved in microautophagy
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Reggiori, F., and Klionsky, D. J. (2002) Eukaryot. Cell 1, 11–21.
Baba, M., Takeshige, K., Baba, N., and Ohsumi, Y. (1994) J. Cell Biol. 124, 903–913.
Muller, O., Sattler, T., Flotenmeyer, M., Schwarz, H., Plattner, H., and Mayer, A. (2000) J. Cell Biol. 151, 519–528.
Sattler, T., and Mayer, A. (2000) J. Cell Biol. 151, 529–538.
Kunz, J. B., Schwarz, H., and Mayer, A. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279, 9987–9996.
Uttenweiler, A., Schwarz, H., and Mayer, A. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280, 33289–33297.
Uttenweiler, A., Schwarz, H., Neumann, H., and Mayer, A. (2007) Mol. Biol. Cell 18, 166–175.
Gruenberg, J., and Stenmark, H. (2004) Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 5, 317–323.
Babst, M. (2005) Traffic 6, 2–9.
Demirov, D. G., and Freed, E. O. (2004) Virus Res. 106, 87–102.
Roberts, P., Moshitch-Moshkovitz, S., Kvam, E., O’Toole, E., Winey, M., and Goldfarb, D. S. (2003) Mol. Biol. Cell 14, 129–141.
Veenhuis, M., Douma, A., Harder, W., and Osumi, M. (1983) Arch. Microbiol. 134, 193–203.
Tuttle, D. L., Lewin, A. S., and Dunn, W. A., Jr. (1993) Eur. J. Cell Biol. 60, 283–290.
Tuttle, D. L., and Dunn, W. A., Jr. (1995) J, Cell Sci, 108 (Pt 1), 25–35.
Sakai, Y., Koller, A., Rangell, L. K., Keller, G. A., and Subramani, S. (1998) J, Cell Biol, 141, 625–636.
Mukaiyama, H., Baba, M., Osumi, M., et al. (2004) Mol. Biol. Cell 15, 58–70.
Mukaiyama, H., Oku, M., Baba, M., et al. (2002) Genes Cells 7, 75–90.
Hutchins, M. U., Veenhuis, M., and Klionsky, D. J. (1999) J. Cell Sci. 112 (Pt 22), 4079–4087.
Kim, J., Dalton, V. M., Eggerton, K. P., Scott, S. V., and Klionsky, D. J. (1999) Mol. Biol. Cell 10, 1337–1351.
Yuan, W., Stromhaug, P. E., and Dunn, W. A., Jr. (1999) Mol. Biol. Cell 10, 1353–1366.
Stromhaug, P. E., Bevan, A., and Dunn, W. A., Jr. (2001) J. Biol. Chem 276, 42422–42435.
Dubouloz, F., Deloche, O., Wanke, V., Cameroni, E., and De Virgilio, C. (2005) Mol. Cell 19, 15–26.
Scott, J. H., and Schekman, R. (1980) J. Bacteriol. 142, 414–423.
Shen, S. H., Chretien, P., Bastien, L., and Slilaty, S. N. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 1058–1063.
Reese, C., Heise, F., and Mayer, A. (2005) Nature 436, 410–414.
Hohenberg, H., Mannweiler, K., and Muller, M. (1994) J. Microsc. 175 (Pt 1), 34–43.
Gulik-Krzywicki, T., and Costello, M. J. (1978) J. Microsc.112, 103–113.
Tommassen, J., Leunissen, J., van Damme-Jongsten, M., and Overduin, P. (1985) EMBO J. 4, 1041–1047.
van Bergen en Henegouwen, P. M., and Leunissen, J. L. (1986) Histochemistry 85, 81–87.
Gaunitz, F., and Papke, M. (1998) Methods Mol. Biol. 107, 361–370.
Acknowledgments
This work was funded by grants from the DFG (SFB466-A10), BMBF, SNF, and Boehringer Ingelheim Foundation to A.M. and from the Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds to A.U.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Humana Press, a part of Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Uttenweiler, A., Mayer, A. (2008). Microautophagy in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In: Deretic, V. (eds) Autophagosome and Phagosome. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 445. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-157-4_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-157-4_16
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-853-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-157-4
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols