Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells secrete insulin when blood glucose levels become high. However, when β-cells are chronically exposed to hyperglycemia, their function gradually deteriorates. Although such phenomena are called as β-cell glucose toxicity, its molecular mechanism remained unclear. This manuscript describes the possible mechanism for such β-cell dysfunction. In the diabetic state, nuclear expression levels of pancreatic transcription factors PDX-1 and MafA are decreased. In addition, incretin receptor expression in β- cells is decreased, which is likely involved in the impairment of incretin effects in diabetes. Taken together, it is likely that down-regulation of pancreatic transcription factors and/or incretin receptors are involved in β-cell dysfunction observed in type 2 diabetes.
Keywords: Pancreatic β-cells, reactive oxygen species, PDX-1, MafA, GLP-1 receptor.
Current Diabetes Reviews
Title:Pancreatic β-cell Glucose Toxicity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Volume: 11 Issue: 1
Author(s): Hideaki Kaneto
Affiliation:
Keywords: Pancreatic β-cells, reactive oxygen species, PDX-1, MafA, GLP-1 receptor.
Abstract: Pancreatic β-cells secrete insulin when blood glucose levels become high. However, when β-cells are chronically exposed to hyperglycemia, their function gradually deteriorates. Although such phenomena are called as β-cell glucose toxicity, its molecular mechanism remained unclear. This manuscript describes the possible mechanism for such β-cell dysfunction. In the diabetic state, nuclear expression levels of pancreatic transcription factors PDX-1 and MafA are decreased. In addition, incretin receptor expression in β- cells is decreased, which is likely involved in the impairment of incretin effects in diabetes. Taken together, it is likely that down-regulation of pancreatic transcription factors and/or incretin receptors are involved in β-cell dysfunction observed in type 2 diabetes.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Kaneto Hideaki, Pancreatic β-cell Glucose Toxicity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Current Diabetes Reviews 2015; 11 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573399811666141216160217
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573399811666141216160217 |
Print ISSN 1573-3998 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6417 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Chymase Inhibitors
Current Pharmaceutical Design Berberine Interfered with Breast Cancer Cells Metabolism, Balancing Energy Homeostasis
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors: A Painful Lesson
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Induced Angioedema – An Overlooked Adverse Drug Reaction?
Current Diabetes Reviews Pathogenetic Correction of the Enteric Insufficiency Syndrome in Patients with Advanced Peritonitis
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials 11 Years of Cyanopyrrolidines as DPP-IV Inhibitors
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C): How Low?
Current Vascular Pharmacology The No-Reflow Phenomenon in the Coronary Circulation
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Basic and Clinical Aspects of Gene Therapy for Retinopathy Induced by Diabetes
Current Gene Therapy EarlyVascularAgeing and Hypertension -A New Model for Understanding Cardiovascular Risk
Current Hypertension Reviews Significant Correlation between Cystatin C, Cerebral Infarction, and Potential Biomarker for Increased Risk of Stroke
Current Neurovascular Research Safety of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Current Drug Safety Perinatal Depression, Fetal Bonding, and Mother-Child Attachment: A Review of the Literature
Current Pediatric Reviews Anti-Proliferative Compounds for the Prevention of Restenosis: Anti-Restenotic Mechanisms of Paclitaxel Action
Current Pharmaceutical Design Obesity and Insulin Resistance: A Review of Molecular Interactions
Current Molecular Medicine The Journey of Thiazolidinediones as Modulators of PPARs for the Management of Diabetes: A Current Perspective
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cilostazol in the Management of Atherosclerosis
Current Vascular Pharmacology GPR40 Carboxylic Acid Receptor Family and Diabetes: A New Drug Target
Current Drug Targets Mind-Body Practices and the Adolescent Brain: Clinical Neuroimaging Studies
Adolescent Psychiatry The Impact of Body Mass Index and Type 2 Diabetes on Breast Cancer: Current Therapeutic Measures of Prevention
Current Drug Targets - Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders