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Effect of genotype on success of lifestyle intervention in subjects at risk for type 2 diabetes

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Abstract

Lifestyle intervention programs including increased physical activity and healthy nutrition have been proven to delay the onset of type 2 diabetes. This is achieved mainly by reducing body weight and improving insulin sensitivity. However, response to lifestyle or dietary interventions does differ between individuals, and the genetic or environmental factors that may account for these differences are not yet precisely characterized. Identification of these factors would be desirable in order to provide an individually tailored preventive strategy for patients at risk of developing diabetes. This review summarizes the so far known genetic variations, which determine responders and nonresponders to a lifestyle intervention. In addition, general methodological approaches to study gene–lifestyle interactions are described.

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Abbreviations

ADIPOR1:

adiponectin receptor 1

ADRA2B:

adrenergic receptor, alpha 2b

ADRB2/3:

adrenergic receptor beta 2/3

ABCC8:

ATP-binding cassette, subfamily C

BMI:

body mass index

CAPN10:

calpain 10

CETP:

cholesterol ester transfer protein

DPS:

Diabetes Prevention Study

DPP:

Diabetes Prevention Program

FABP:

fatty acid binding protein

FFA:

free fatty acid

GCK:

glucokinase

GIP:

gastric inhibitory polypeptide

GLP-1:

glukagon like peptide 1

GLUT2:

glucose transporter protein 2

HNF:

hepatocyte nuclear factor

IDPP-1:

Indian Diabetes Prevention Program

IGF:

insulin like growth factor

IL-6:

interleukin 6

IRS:

insulin receptor substrate

IVGTT:

intravenous glucose tolerance test

KCNJ11:

potassium inwardly rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 11

OB-R:

leptin receptor

OGTT:

oral glucose tolerance test

PC-1:

plasma cell membrane glycoprotein 1

PI3K:

phosphoinositide 3-kinase

PLIN:

perilipin

PPARγ2:

peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2

SLC2A2:

solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 2

SNP:

single nucleotide polymorphism

SUR1:

synonym for ABCC8

TCF7L2:

transcription factor 7-like 2 gene

TNF-α:

tumor necrosis factor alpha

UCP:

uncoupling protein

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (KFO 114) and the European Community’s FP6 EUGENE2 (LSHM-CT-2004-512013).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetology, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Angiology and Clinical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076, Tübingen, Germany

    Peter Weyrich, Norbert Stefan, Hans-Ulrich Häring & Andreas Fritsche

  2. Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland

    Markku Laakso

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  1. Peter Weyrich
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  2. Norbert Stefan
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Correspondence to Andreas Fritsche.

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Weyrich, P., Stefan, N., Häring, HU. et al. Effect of genotype on success of lifestyle intervention in subjects at risk for type 2 diabetes. J Mol Med 85, 107–117 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-006-0134-5

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