Type 2 diabetes: Diet and nutritional management

The 5-year DiRECT results show sustained type 2 diabetes remission for 13% of the intervention group.

Researchers have established a dose–response effect of exercise on glucose metabolism in people with type 2 diabetes who are dieting for weight loss.

Restricting fast-day eating to the morning has a positive effect on postprandial glucose versus standard calorie restriction among people at increased risk for type 2 diabetes who are trying to lose weight, a study shows.

Real-world data from the UK Biobank show the value of a healthy lifestyle in people with type 2 diabetes hoping to avoid microvascular complications.

A randomised trial shows that use of a prebiotic fibre-enriched nutritional formula results in improved life quality and, potentially, better glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes.

A randomized trial reveals benefits of intermittent fasting, without an increased risk for severe hypoglycemia, in people with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes.

Randomized trial findings show reduced glycated hemoglobin and bodyweight in people with type 2 diabetes following a calorie-unrestricted low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet versus a high-carbohydrate, low-fat approach.

Following a very-low-calorie total diet replacement plan can lead to type 2 diabetes remission in South Asian individuals, shows the STANDby trial.

The findings of the ReTUNE study show that losing a substantial amount of weight can reverse type 2 diabetes even in people who are only mildly overweight.

A family history of diabetes is associated with a younger age at type 2 diabetes diagnosis, but this could be delayed by following a healthy lifestyle, suggest data from the Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation Register.

People with impaired glucose tolerance who received metformin or intensive lifestyle intervention during the DPP trial show no sign of a significantly reduced cardiovascular disease risk 21 years later, reveal the latest DPPOS results.

Many participants of DiRECT found reintroduction of food and subsequent weight-loss maintenance to be more challenging than the 800 calorie total meal replacement phase, the investigators report.

Outwardly lean people who have type 2 diabetes have increased intra-organ fat, reductions in which occur in line with weight loss-induced diabetes remission, say researchers.

Following a low glycemic index or glycemic load diet in addition to standard treatment is associated with improvements in glycemic control and other cardiometabolic risk factors in people with diabetes, suggest the results of a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Divergent changes in brain activity after bariatric surgery versus a very-low-calorie diet may help explain why people are more likely to regain weight after the latter intervention, a study suggests.

Blood pressure falls markedly when people with type 2 diabetes undertake a very-low-calorie diet, and immediate withdrawal of antihypertensive medications has few ill effects, say the DiRECT investigators.

Fewer than one in 10 people with type 2 diabetes in low- and middle-income countries receive treatment in line with World Health Organization recommendations, shows a global analysis.

Women naturally have lower levels of hepatic and pancreatic fat than men, but having type 2 diabetes removes this advantage and confers a relatively larger increase in cardiovascular risk, show further data from DiRECT.

A systematic review and meta-analysis highlights a potential increase in the likelihood of achieving type 2 diabetes remission on a low- or very-low-carbohydrate diet, but based on evidence of moderate or low quality.

Ghrelin is the only appetite-related hormone that predicted weight regain among the participants of the DiRECT trial, say the researchers.