Read our quick round-up of the GetGoal trials of the daily injectable GLP-1 receptor agonist lixisenatide in people with type 2 diabetes.

Related news story:  Tirzepatide preferable to glargine when OADs fail in SURPASS-4 SURPASS-5: Published Trial population: People taking insulin glargine Comparator treatment: Placebo NCT04039503 The SURPASS-5 trial tested tirzepatide (5, 10, and 15 mg) in people taking insulin glargine for type 2 diabetes, with or without metformin.

LEAD-5: Published Trial population: People with type 2 diabetes taking one or more oral antidiabetic medications Comparator treatments: Insulin glargine, placebo NCT00331851 The LEAD-5 investigators studied liraglutide as an alternative treatment for people who were candidates to receive insulin glargine and found it to provide better glycemic control and weight outcomes.

AWARD-4: Published Trial population: People with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes Comparator treatment: Insulin glargine NCT01191268 All 884 participants of the AWARD-4 trial used a prandial insulin (lispro) but were randomly assigned to either continue basal insulin (glargine; treat to target) or replace it with dulaglutide.

Exenatide versus insulin in Japanese people: Published Trial population: Japanese people with type 2 diabetes taking oral antidiabetes medications Comparator treatment: Insulin glargine NCT00935532   This trial randomly assigned 427 Japanese participants to take weekly exenatide or insulin glargine for 26 weeks.

Related news story:  Semaglutide offers alternative to prandial insulin in type 2 diabetes SUSTAIN OPTIMIZE: Recruiting Trial population: type 2 diabetes treated with a daily basal insulin plus metformin with/without an SGLT2 inhibitor Comparator treatment: titrated insulin glargine U100 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05514535 All participants in this trial will be given daily basal insulin glargine U100, but those also taking semaglutide will have their insulin glargine dose reduced as the semaglutide dose is escalated, so should require markedly less insulin than those in the control group.

Findings from the SoliMix trial indicate that iGlarLixi may improve glycemic control with weight benefit compared with BIAsp 30 among people with suboptimally controlled type 2 diabetes on basal insulin.

Combining a GLP-1 receptor agonist or SGLT2 inhibitor with basal insulin allows people with type 2 diabetes on a basal–bolus regimen to drop the prandial insulin, shows the pragmatic BEYOND trial.

Use of a titratable, fixed-ratio combination of insulin glargine and the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist lixisenatide helps overweight patients with long-standing Type 2 diabetes to attain glycaemic control, shows a randomised trial.

Classification of GLP-1 RAs GLP-1 RA monotherapy Short acting Exenatide Lixisenatide Intermediate acting Liraglutide Long acting Dulaglutide Once-weekly exenatide GLP-1 RA + insulin coformulation Lixisenatide + glargine Liraglutide + degludec GLP-1 RA=glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist Cardiovascular outcome trials As a class, GLP-1 RAs possess multiple pleiotropic effects which offer distinct CV advantages.

The ORIGIN study was designed to test the hypothesis that treatment with glargine insulin might reduce secondary CVD events in patients with CVD and prediabetes or recent onset diabetes.