Pediatric diabetes and insulin treatment

Ultra-rapid lispro gives equivalent overall glycemic control to standard lispro, and is significantly better for some postprandial measurements in children with type 1 diabetes, shows the PRONTO-Peds trial.

Using a linear insulin to carbohydrate ratio to determine breakfast insulin requirements leads to significant differences in time in glycemic range and hypoglycemia rates when meal carbohydrate quantities vary, shows a study in children and young adults.

The Omnipod 5 tubeless automated insulin delivery system improves glycemic outcomes of very young children with type 1 diabetes and the sleep of their caregivers, report researchers.

Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes become more diligent about bolusing for insulin at mealtimes in the run-up to a clinic appointment, as reflected in objective data from their insulin pumps.

Findings from the EDITION JUNIOR trial indicate that glargine-300 and glargine-100 have similar efficacy and safety when used with mealtime insulin in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

The failure of intensive medication to halt beta-cell decline in children with early type 2 diabetes occurs despite them having better baseline beta-cell and alpha-cell function than newly diagnosed adults, say the RISE researchers.

Hyperglycemia in children with type 1 diabetes after eating pizza can be reduced by fermenting the dough for longer, Italian research shows.

Young people who deliberately omit insulin to either lose weight or prevent weight gain report worse psychosocial functioning, particularly depressive symptoms, than those who have never skipped a dose for this reason, study data show.

Intensive antidiabetic treatment in adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes slows the decline in beta-cell function, but this is not sustained after the treatment is stopped, show the results of the RISE adult medication study.

Children with type 1 diabetes who are aged 6 years or younger have significantly more variability in their insulin needs than adolescents or adults, shows an analysis of closed-loop data.

Factors associated with poor glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes generally vary according to the insulin regimen used, but family conflict over diabetes management universally impacts all insulin users, US researchers report.

Home use of day and night hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery using the Cambridge model predictive control algorithm is feasible in children aged 1–7 years with type 1 diabetes, researchers report.

The DREAM5 randomized trial has confirmed the efficacy of closed-loop insulin delivery with the MD-logic algorithm in adolescents and young adults without remote monitoring.

Insulin manipulation, the practice of deliberately under- or overdosing insulin, is strongly associated with psychiatric comorbidity in children and young adults with type 1 diabetes, Austrian research shows.

The RISE investigators have reported a continued lack of effect of early intensive therapy on beta-cell function decline in children with prediabetes or early type 2 diabetes.

A randomized trial demonstrates the efficacy of closed-loop insulin delivery in a wide range of patients with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes.

The fixed soluble co-formulation of insulin degludec/insulin aspart offers similar glycemic control to insulin detemir when each are combined with mealtime insulin aspart in children with type 1 diabetes, research shows.

The RISE trial investigators have found that increased insulin resistance and hyperresponsive beta cells may explain the rapid progression of type 2 diabetes in children.

The majority of adolescents and young adults with type 2 diabetes are still being treated with metformin and/or insulin, despite a growing number of medications being available for adults, US study data show.

Tubeless insulin pump use can provide long-term improvements in glycemic control at a lower total daily dose of insulin compared with multiple daily injections, show results of a retrospective study among children and young adults with type 1 diabetes.