An umbrella review of meta-analyses has demonstrated mixed associations between different glucose-lowering agents and cardiovascular outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes, with the results favoring sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists as cardioprotective agents.
The α-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose does not reduce cardiovascular risk but could decrease the risk for developing type 2 diabetes among patients with coronary heart disease and impaired glucose tolerance, results of the phase IV placebo-controlled ACE trial suggest.