Elsevier

Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases

Volume 7, Issue 1, January–February 2011, Pages 50-54
Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases

Original article
Changes in depressive symptoms among adolescent bariatric candidates from preoperative psychological evaluation to immediately before surgery

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soard.2010.05.016Get rights and content

Abstract

Background

The preoperative psychological evaluation (including the assessment of depressive symptoms) is an important component in determining adolescent bariatric candidacy. The adult bariatric data have suggested that candidates can engage in “impression management” and underreport depressive symptoms during their preoperative evaluation. The present study examined whether adolescent depressive symptoms among bariatric candidates change during preoperative preparation compared with adolescents with extreme obesity who were not seeking surgery.

Methods

Adolescent candidates for bariatric surgery (n = 30; 60% female; mean age 16.5 ± 1.4 years) completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) at initial consultation (time 1, mean body mass index [BMI] 64.5 ± 11.5 kg/m2) and again immediately preoperatively (time 2, mean interval 4.7 ± 2.9 months; mean BMI 64.4 ± 10.4 kg/m2). Comparators (n = 25; 64% female; mean age 16.2 ± 1.2 years; mean BMI 46.5 ± 4.8 kg/m2) were studied at enrollment in a research protocol and again 6 months later (mean interval 6.2 ± 0.4 months; mean BMI 46.8 ± 5.0 kg/m2). The height and weight were also taken.

Results

We found a small, but statistically significant, difference in the BDI-II scores at time 1, with bariatric candidates reporting greater depressive symptoms (mean 16.6 ± 12.9) than the comparators (mean 10.6 ± 9.0; P < .05). No difference was seen in the BDI-II scores between the bariatric candidates (mean 14.4 ± 12.1) and the comparators (mean 10.4 ± 8.2) at time 2 (P = .17). The change in BDI-II scores for the bariatric candidates showed a trend toward significance (P = .09).

Conclusion

These results reinforce the position that the adult bariatric literature does not necessarily generalize to the adolescent bariatric population. They further suggest that impression management might not be a significant concern in the assessment of adolescent bariatric candidates. Future research should examine whether preoperative changes in psychological functioning predict the postoperative outcomes.

Section snippets

Methods

The present study used retrospective chart review and data from a prospective, controlled, longitudinal study of 30 adolescents undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery at a large Midwestern pediatric hospital and 25 nonoperative extremely obese adolescents (BMI ≥40 kg/m2) who had sought behavioral weight management. The larger study included assessment of adolescent psychosocial functioning [17] over time, from preoperatively/baseline to the 6- and 12-month follow-up visits. For the

Results

The sample characteristics are listed in Table 1. The bariatric participants and comparators were primarily female. The bariatric candidates were more likely to be white non-Hispanic than were the comparators [chi-square (1, N = 55) = 9.33, P = .01]. The bariatric group also had significantly greater BMI than did the comparators group at time 1 [t(54) = 7.77, P < .01] and time 2 [t(54) = 8.16, P < .01]. No significant difference was seen in the BMI change scores between the 2 groups [t(54) =

Discussion

With the published adolescent bariatric surgery data in its infancy, investigators and clinicians alike have studied the adult data for direction. The present study sought to replicate the work of Fabricatore et al. [14] in an adolescent sample. Additionally, our research design included a comparison group of adolescents with extreme obesity who were not candidates for bariatric surgery to provide an age- and context-relevant contrast over time.

Our initial findings demonstrated little change in

Conclusion

These results reinforce the position that the adult bariatric literature does not necessarily generalize to the adolescent bariatric population. They further suggest that impression management might not be a significant concern in the assessment of adolescent bariatric candidates. Future research should examine whether preoperative changes in psychological functioning predict the postoperative outcomes.

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