Lifestyle interventions and type 2 diabetes

A post-hoc analysis of the German Prediabetes Lifestyle Intervention Study has found that people who achieve remission of prediabetes by losing weight through lifestyle intervention for 12 months may reduce their risk for developing type 2 diabetes.

The 5-year DiRECT results show sustained type 2 diabetes remission for 13% of the intervention group.

Researchers have established a dose–response effect of exercise on glucose metabolism in people with type 2 diabetes who are dieting for weight loss.

Restricting fast-day eating to the morning has a positive effect on postprandial glucose versus standard calorie restriction among people at increased risk for type 2 diabetes who are trying to lose weight, a study shows.

Real-world data from the UK Biobank show the value of a healthy lifestyle in people with type 2 diabetes hoping to avoid microvascular complications.

A randomised trial shows that use of a prebiotic fibre-enriched nutritional formula results in improved life quality and, potentially, better glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes.

A randomized trial reveals benefits of intermittent fasting, without an increased risk for severe hypoglycemia, in people with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes.

Randomized trial findings show reduced glycated hemoglobin and bodyweight in people with type 2 diabetes following a calorie-unrestricted low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet versus a high-carbohydrate, low-fat approach.

Following a very-low-calorie total diet replacement plan can lead to type 2 diabetes remission in South Asian individuals, shows the STANDby trial.

The findings of the ReTUNE study show that losing a substantial amount of weight can reverse type 2 diabetes even in people who are only mildly overweight.

Starting treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, or DPP-4 inhibitors is associated with a reduction in physical activity levels among some people with type 2 diabetes, researchers report.

People with mild-to-moderate obesity who undergo minimally invasive endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty in addition to lifestyle intervention achieve greater weight loss and metabolic improvements than those undergoing lifestyle modification alone, show the MERIT trial results.

A family history of diabetes is associated with a younger age at type 2 diabetes diagnosis, but this could be delayed by following a healthy lifestyle, suggest data from the Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation Register.

Even small increases in the number of steps taken in a day is associated with a reduced risk for mortality in people with prediabetes or diabetes, say researchers.

Smoking is associated with an increased risk for albuminuria in both people with prediabetes and those with diabetes, but quitting may not immediately circumvent this risk, researchers report.

People with impaired glucose tolerance who received metformin or intensive lifestyle intervention during the DPP trial show no sign of a significantly reduced cardiovascular disease risk 21 years later, reveal the latest DPPOS results.

Many participants of DiRECT found reintroduction of food and subsequent weight-loss maintenance to be more challenging than the 800 calorie total meal replacement phase, the investigators report.

Outwardly lean people who have type 2 diabetes have increased intra-organ fat, reductions in which occur in line with weight loss-induced diabetes remission, say researchers.

People with newly detected type 2 diabetes may gain more from a lifestyle intervention if supported by peers who have had the condition for longer, suggest findings from a randomized trial.

An international expert group organized by the ADA has published consensus definitions of type 2 diabetes remission.