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23-08-2017 | Obesity | Review | Article

Weight Management in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes and Obesity

Journal: Current Diabetes Reports

Authors: Adham Mottalib, Megan Kasetty, Jessica Y. Mar, Taha Elseaidy, Sahar Ashrafzadeh, Osama Hamdy

Publisher: Springer US

Abstract

Purpose of review

Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are typically viewed as lean individuals. However, recent reports showed that their obesity rate surpassed that of the general population. Patients with T1D who show clinical signs of type 2 diabetes such as obesity and insulin resistance are considered to have “double diabetes.” This review explains the mechanisms of weight gain in patients with T1D and how to manage it.

Recent findings

Weight management in T1D can be successfully achieved in real-world clinical practice.

Summary

Nutrition therapy includes reducing energy intake and providing a structured nutrition plan that is lower in carbohydrates and glycemic index and higher in fiber and lean protein. The exercise plan should include combination stretching as well as aerobic and resistance exercises to maintain muscle mass. Dynamic adjustment of insulin doses is necessary during weight management. Addition of anti-obesity medications may be considered. If medical weight reduction is not achieved, bariatric surgery may also be considered.
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