Obesity

People with type 2 diabetes on metformin monotherapy have greater glycemic control improvement and weight reduction with tirzepatide than semaglutide, report the SURPASS-2 investigators.

Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are independently associated with an increased risk for death among hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and a number of factors including poor glycemic control and BMI may predict mortality risk, suggest findings from two studies published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology.

Researchers studying the MESA cohort have proposed BMI cutoffs at which people from ethnic minorities should be screened for type 2 diabetes, all of which are lower than their proposed cutoff for White people.

A study shows marked variations in cardiovascular risk burden according to age, sex, and ethnicity at the point of type 2 diabetes diagnosis, with implications for both diabetes prevention and cardiovascular risk management.

The results of a small randomized trial suggest exercise is more helpful than diet for combating early cardiac dysfunction associated with type 2 diabetes, although both may be beneficial.

Adding liraglutide 3.0 mg to intensive behavioral therapy increases weight loss in overweight or obese people with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes, results of the phase 3 SCALE Insulin trial show.

Swedish research suggests that determining type 2 diabetes duration prior to bariatric surgery could help prioritize those patients most likely to achieve diabetes remission.

People who are trying to maintain weight loss with the help of electronic health records-based tracking tools do significantly better if they are given access to an online coach, shows a randomized trial.

People with obesity and type 2 diabetes who undergo gastric bypass surgery have higher rates of diabetes remission after 1 year than those undergoing sleeve gastrectomy, indicate findings from the Oseberg trial.

People with type 2 diabetes and obesity who undergo metabolic surgery have a significantly lower risk for major adverse cardiovascular events than those who do not receive surgery, observational study data show.

People who undergo bariatric surgery have a lower long-term risk for mortality, but a higher risk for adverse events such as gastrointestinal and nutritional disorders, compared with those who do not undergo surgery, researchers report.

Read the linked commentary from John Wilding

A behavioral intervention has lasting effects on physical activity levels, fitness, and vascular risk in people with type 2 diabetes, show the 3-year results of the randomized Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study 2.

An observational study published in JAMA demonstrates a substantial reduction in the risk for hard cardiovascular endpoints in obese patients with type 2 diabetes who have undergone bariatric surgery.

The results of the adult surgery study from the RISE consortium show that gastric banding has only a small effect on the deterioration of beta-cell function relative to metformin, despite causing markedly greater weight loss.

The PREVIEW project investigators have reported broadly positive results, but tempered by issues such as a high dropout rate.

The weight-loss medication lorcaserin neither increases nor reduces cardiovascular risk, report the CAMELLIA–TIMI 61 investigators.

Findings from a dose-ranging phase II trial published in The Lancet suggest that semaglutide, in combination with lifestyle intervention, may aid weight loss in people with obesity who do not have diabetes.

Obese patients with type 2 diabetes who undergo bariatric surgery achieve large reductions in their risk for microvascular complications, shows a real-world study.

Hamdy O, Ashrafzadeh S, Mottalib A. Curr Diab Rep 2018; 18: 66. doi: 10.1007/s11892-018-1030-4

Ke Q et al. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2018; 10: 48. doi: 10.1186/s13098-018-0350-5