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09-08-2018 | Neonatal diabetes | Case report | Article

Successful Treatment of Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Status in an Infant with KCNJ11-Related Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus via Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Journal: Diabetes Therapy

Authors: Ting Chen, Dandan Zhang, Zhenjiang Bai, Shuiyan Wu, Haiying Wu, Rongrong Xie, Ying Li, Fengyun Wang, Xiuli Chen, Hui Sun, Xiaoyan Wang, Linqi Chen

Publisher: Springer Healthcare

Abstract

Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare monogenic disorder presenting as uncontrolled hyperglycemia during the first 6 months of life. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) is quite rare in NDM patients, and reported experience with this condition is limited. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is frequently used as a mode of dialytic treatment in critically ill patients with acute renal failure, but has seldom been used in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and HHS. We report the case of a 2-month-old infant admitted to our hospital presenting with dyspnea and lethargy. Blood gas showed severe hyperosmotic DKA. After 21 h of fluid and insulin therapy, the baby presented with increased drowsiness and irregular respiration, which suggested cerebral edema. Moreover, the DKA and HHS were exacerbated. After 18 h of CRRT, the patient gradually recovered from DKA and HHS. The gene analysis revealed a de novo mutation (c.602G > A (p.R201H)) of the KCNJ11 gene, and oral glibenclamide successfully replaced insulin treatment in the patient.
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