Diabetes complications and comorbidities: Retinopathy

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults is associated with similar risks for mortality and cardiovascular disease and an increased risk for retinopathy compared with type 2 diabetes.

Real-world data from the UK Biobank show the value of a healthy lifestyle in people with type 2 diabetes hoping to avoid microvascular complications.

Women with type 1 diabetes who have microalbuminuria at the time of pregnancy have an increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes in the short term and for diabetes complications in the long term, shows research.

Study findings suggest that the presence of microvascular complications is associated with increased risk for all-cause mortality in people with type 2 diabetes hospitalized for COVID-19.

Starting people on bevacizumab and switching to aflibercept only when necessary keeps costs down without compromising treatment efficacy for people with diabetic macular edema, shows a randomized trial.

People with hypertension and prediabetes have significantly lower capillary density in the foveal retinal region, indicating microvascular damage, than those with hypertension but normal glucose metabolism, say researchers.

The dual Ang-2 and VEGF-A pathway inhibitor faricimab is noninferior to aflibercept for improving visual acuity in people with diabetic macular edema, and an individualized dosing strategy could help reduce treatment burden, suggest findings from the YOSEMITE and RHINE trials.

Among pregnant women with preexisting diabetes, those with nephropathy or retinopathy may be at increased risk for pregnancy complications, suggest findings from a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Almost half of people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in childhood develop retinopathy by their mid-20s, show TODAY2 data.

African–Caribbean ethnicity may be a predisposing factor for sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy in people with type 1 diabetes, research suggests.

Factors including insulin use and ethnicity can help predict who will develop proliferative diabetic retinopathy within 5 years after type 2 diabetes diagnosis, say researchers.

Suboptimal medication-taking identified through urine testing is associated with a higher prevalence of microvascular and macrovascular complications in people with type 2 diabetes than found with consistent usage, report researchers.

Any amount of residual C-peptide is protective against some type 1 diabetes complications, show findings from a large, population-based study.

Intravitreous aflibercept and vitrectomy with panretinal laser photocoagulation appear to have similar efficacy over 24 weeks when used for the treatment of vitreous hemorrhage from proliferative diabetic retinopathy, researchers report.

Results from a UK retrospective study suggest that there is “considerable variation” in diabetic eye screening attendance in different age groups, with the worse attendance rates among younger people.

People who meet the criteria for prediabetes during the 3 years before a type 2 diabetes diagnosis have a higher burden of vascular disease than those who do not, research shows.

Young people with type 2 diabetes may be predisposed to developing retinal complications, Australian researchers warn.

Optimal glycemic control during the first years after a latent autoimmune diabetes of adulthood diagnosis could prevent people’s microvascular complication risk from equaling that seen in those with type 2 diabetes, shows an analysis of the UKPDS.

Severely obese people show evidence of impaired cognition even when they have no signs of prediabetes or diabetes, but retinopathy and nephropathy only occur in those with hyperglycemia, US research shows.

Aiming for the lowest international targets in glycated hemoglobin levels may not protect against retinopathy and nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes, research suggests.