Skip to main content
Home
Latest news
Browse topics
Cardiovascular disorders Chronic kidney disease Diabetes devices & technology GLP-1 receptor agonists Hyperglycemia Hypoglycemia Obesity, diet, & lifestyle interventions SGLT2 inhibitors Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes Browse all topics
EN
EN
In focus
Novel clinical evidence in continuous glucose monitoring Fasting for religion and health in people with diabetes The challenge of type 2 diabetes in children HFpEF & diabetes: Diagnosis and management in the wake of EMPEROR-Preserved Addressing suicide risk in diabetes: Rates and risk factors, HCP fears, and practical advice The SURPASS trials: Summarizing efficacy data on tirzepatide Semaglutide for weight loss: STEP and SELECT trials: Results from the STEP and SELECT trials Why psychosocial care matters DiRECT: Type 2 diabetes remission through weight management
Congress coverage
EASD 58th Annual Meeting 2022 The American Diabetes Association 82nd Scientific Sessions
About us
Medicine Matters Diabetes
EXTENDED SEARCH
Top

05-27-2017 | Continuous glucose monitoring | Review | Article

Continuous glucose monitoring for patients with type 1 diabetes on multiple daily injections of insulin: pros and cons

Journal: Endocrine

Authors: Maria Ida Maiorino, Michela Petrizzo, Giuseppe Bellastella, Katherine Esposito

Publisher: Springer US

Login to get access

Abstract

Continuous glucose monitoring associated with intensive insulin regimens represents a useful tool to lower HbA1c in selected adults with type 1 diabetes. Recent randomized controlled trials demonstrated greater glycemic benefits in type 1 diabetic patients treated with multiple daily injections of insulin and continuous glucose monitoring over usual care. These positive outcomes, however, are counter-balanced by several limitations that restrict the use of continuous glucose monitoring in the real life, including the apparent lack of benefits in children and pregnant diabetic women, the high cost, the stringent patients’ selection, and the presence of a multi-disciplinary team with specific expertise. Pros and Cons of using continuous glucose monitoring in type 1 diabetic patients with multiple daily injections of insulin are here discussed.
Literature
1.
American Diabetes Association.: 6. Glycemic Targets Diabetes Care. 40(Suppl.1), S48–S56 (2017)
2.
The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group, The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N. Engl. J. Med. 329, 977–986 (1993)CrossRef
3.
N. Mauras, L. Fox, K. Englert, R.W. Beck, Continuous glucose monitoring in type 1 diabetes. Endocrine 43, 41–50 (2013)CrossRefPubMed
4.
A.L. Peters, A.J. Ahmann, T. Battelino, A. Evert, I.B. Hirsch, M.H. Murad, W.E. Winter, H. Wolpert, Diabetes technology-continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy and continuous glucose monitoring in adults: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 101, 3922–3937 (2016)CrossRefPubMed
5.
W.V. Tamborlane, R.W. Beck, B.W. Bode, B. Buckingham, H.P. Chase, R. Clemons, R. Fiallo-Scharer, L.A. Fox, L.K. Gilliam, I.B. Hirsch, E.S. Huang, C. Kollman, A.J. Kowalski, L. Laffel, J.M. Lawrence, J. Lee, N. Mauras, M. O’Grady, K.J. Ruedy, M. Tansey, E. Tsalikian, S. Weinzime, D.M. Wilson, H. Wolpert, T. Wysocki, D. Xing; Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Continuous Glucose Monitoring Study Group, Continuous glucose monitoring and intensive treatment of type 1 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 359, 1464–1476 (2008)CrossRefPubMed
6.
T. Battelino, I. Conget, B. Olsen, I. Schütz-Fuhrmann, E. Hommel, R. Hoogma, U. Schierloh, N. Sulli, J. Bolinder; SWITCH Study Group, The use and efficacy of continuous glucose monitoring in type 1 diabetes treated with insulin pump therapy: a randomised controlled trial. Diabetologia 55, 3155–3162 (2012)CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
7.
R.M. Bergenstal, W.V. Tamborlane, A. Ahmann, J.B. Buse, G. Dailey, S.N. Davis, C. Joyce, T. Peoples, B.A. Perkins, J.B. Welsh, S.M. Willi, M.A. Wood; STAR 3 Study Group, Effectiveness of sensor-augmented insulin-pump therapy in type 1 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 363, 311–320 (2010)CrossRefPubMed
8.
M.I. Maiorino, G. Bellastella, M. Petrizzo, M.R. Improta, C. Brancario, F. Castaldo, L. Olita, D. Giugliano, K. Esposito, Treatment satisfaction and glycemic control in young type 1 diabetic patients in transition from pediatric health care: CSII versus MDI. Endocrine 46, 256–262 (2014)CrossRefPubMed
9.
M.I. Maiorino, O. Casciano, E. Della Volpe, G. Bellastella, D. Giugliano, K. Esposito, Reducing glucose variability with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion increases endothelial progenitor cells in type 1 diabetes: an observational study. Endocrine 52, 244–252 (2016)CrossRefPubMed
10.
N.C. Foster, K.M. Miller, W.V. Tamborlane, R.M. Bergenstal, R.W. Beck; T1D Exchange Clinic Network, Continuous glucose monitoring in patients with type 1 diabetes using insulin injections. Diabetes Care 39, e81–e82 (2016)CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
11.
R.W. Beck, T. Riddlesworth, K. Ruedy, A. Ahmann, R. Bergenstal, S. Haller, C. Kollman, D. Kruger, J.B. McGill, W. Polonsky, E. Toschi, H. Wolpert, D. Price; DIAMOND Study Group, Effect of continuous glucose monitoring on glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes using insulin injections: the DIAMOND randomized clinical trial. JAMA 317, 371–378 (2017)CrossRefPubMed
12.
M. Lind, W. Polonsky, I.B. Hirsch, T. Heise, J. Bolinder, S. Dahlqvist, E. Schwarz, A.F. Ólafsdóttir, A. Frid, H. Wedel, E. Ahlén, T. Nyström, J. Hellman, Continuous glucose monitoring vs conventional therapy for glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections: the GOLD randomized clinical trial. JAMA 317, 379–387 (2017)CrossRefPubMed
13.
C.A. van Beers, J.H. DeVries, S.J. Kleijer, M.M. Smits, P.H. Geelhoed-Duijvestijn, M.H. Kramer, M. Diamant, F.J. Snoek, E.H. Serné, Continuous glucose monitoring for patients with type 1 diabetes and impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia (IN CONTROL): a randomised, open-label, crossover trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 4, 893–902 (2016)CrossRefPubMed
14.
K.M. Miller, N.C. Foster, R.W. Beck, R.M. Bergenstal, S.N. DuBose, L.A. DiMeglio, D.M. Maahs, W.V. Tamborlane; T1D Exchange Clinic Network, Current state of type 1 diabetes treatment in the US: updated data from the T1D Exchange clinic registry. Diabetes Care 38, 971–978 (2015)CrossRefPubMed
15.
N. Mauras, R. Beck, D. Xing, B. Buckingham, M. Tansey, N.H. White, S.A. Weinzimer, W. Tamborlane, C. Kollman; Diabetes Research in Children Network (DirecNet) Study Group, A randomized clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of real-time continuous glucose monitoring in the management of type 1 diabetes in young children aged 4 to\10 years. Diabetes Care 35, 204–210 (2012)CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
16.
M. Tansey, S. Weinzimer, R. Beck, K. Ruedy, P. Cheng, W. Tamborlane, C. Kollman, N. Mauras, L. Fox, J. Coffey, N.H. White; Diabetes Research in Children Network (DirecNet) Study Group, Extended 6-month follow-up of a randomized clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of real-time continuous glucose monitoring in the management of type 1 diabetes in young children aged 4 to<10 years. Diabetes Care 36, e63 (2013)CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
17.
A.L. Secher, L. Ringholm, H.U. Andersen, P. Damm, E.R. Mathiesen, The effect of real-time continuous glucose monitoring in pregnant women with diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care 36, 1877–1883 (2013)CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
18.
J.C. Pickup, S.C. Freeman, A.J. Sutton, Glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes during real time continuous glucose monitoring compared with self monitoring of blood glucose: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials using individual patient data. BMJ 7(343), d3805 (2011)CrossRef
19.

Be confident that your patient care is up to date

Medicine Matters is being incorporated into Springer Medicine, our new medical education platform. 

Alongside the news coverage and expert commentary you have come to expect from Medicine Matters diabetes, Springer Medicine's complimentary membership also provides access to articles from renowned journals and a broad range of Continuing Medical Education programs. Create your free account »

Image Credits