Diabetic complications

People who have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction benefit from dapagliflozin irrespective of whether they have normal or impaired glucose metabolism, shows further analysis of DELIVER.

Smoking is associated with an increased risk for albuminuria in both people with prediabetes and those with diabetes, but quitting may not immediately circumvent this risk, researchers report.

People with hypertension and prediabetes have significantly lower capillary density in the foveal retinal region, indicating microvascular damage, than those with hypertension but normal glucose metabolism, say researchers.

The degree of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, estimated by fatty liver index, is significantly associated with the risk for progression to type 2 diabetes in people with prediabetes, Spanish study findings indicate.

The risk for subclinical atherosclerosis among people at low risk for cardiovascular death increases with increasing glycated hemoglobin levels and is raised even at levels below the prediabetes threshold, research shows.

The risk for adverse cardiorenal events begins to increase well below the glycemic level associated with type 2 diabetes, with the largest proportion of events occurring in people with prediabetic levels, shows a UK Biobank analysis.

The SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin may reverse adverse left ventricular remodeling in people who have heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and type 2 diabetes or prediabetes, shows a randomized trial.

Among the latest findings from the DPP Outcomes Study is that long-term use of metformin does not affect the risk for cancer.

A study shows marked variations in cardiovascular risk burden according to age, sex, and ethnicity at the point of type 2 diabetes diagnosis, with implications for both diabetes prevention and cardiovascular risk management.

People who meet the criteria for prediabetes during the 3 years before a type 2 diabetes diagnosis have a higher burden of vascular disease than those who do not, research shows.

Severely obese people show evidence of impaired cognition even when they have no signs of prediabetes or diabetes, but retinopathy and nephropathy only occur in those with hyperglycemia, US research shows.

Symptoms of anxiety are associated with an increased risk for progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes, indicate findings from a population-based study.

Findings from the MET-REMODEL trial suggest that metformin treatment may aid regression of left ventricular hypertrophy among nondiabetic patients with coronary artery disease.

Insomnia bestows a degree of risk for type 2 diabetes on patients who already have prediabetes that “is similar to that conferred by traditional risk factors,” according to researchers.

Rubio-Almanza M, Cámara-Gómez R, Hervás-Marín D et al. BMC Endocr Disord 2018; 18: 90. doi: 10.1186/s12902-018-0317-4

A large proportion of people with documented hyperglycemia are still not clinically diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for up to 1 year later, US study data show.

Todd JN, Srinivasan S, Pollin TI. Curr Diab Rep 2018; 18: 57. doi: 10.1007/s11892-018-1025-1

Chen ME, Aguirre RS, Hannon TS. Curr Diab Rep 2018; 18: 51. doi: 10.1007/s11892-018-1023-3

Thankappan KR et al. PLoS Med 2018; 15: e1002575. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002575

Saetung S et al. Acta Diabetol 2018. doi: 10.1007/s00592-018-1166-3